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Background  BRAHMA (BRM) is a member of a family of ATPases of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes from Arabidopsis. BRM has been previously shown to be crucial for vegetative and reproductive development.    Methodology/Principal Findings  Here we carry out a detailed analysis of the flowering phenotype of  brm  mutant plants which reveals that, in addition to repressing the flowering promoting genes  CONSTANS  ( CO ),  FLOWERING LOCUS T  ( FT ) and  SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO1  ( SOC1 ), BRM also represses expression of the general flowering repressor  FLOWERING LOCUS C  ( FLC ). Thus, in  brm  mutant plants  FLC  expression is elevated, and  FLC  chromatin exhibits increased levels of histone H3 lysine 4 tri-methylation and decreased levels of H3 lysine 27 tri-methylation, indicating that BRM imposes a repressive chromatin configuration at the  FLC  locus. However,  brm  mutants display a normal vernalization response, indicating that BRM is not involved in vernalization-mediated  FLC  repression. Analysis of double mutants suggests that BRM is partially redundant with the autonomous pathway. Analysis of genetic interactions between BRM and the histone H2A.Z deposition machinery demonstrates that  brm  mutations overcome a requirement of H2A.Z for  FLC  activation suggesting that in the absence of BRM, a constitutively open chromatin conformation renders H2A.Z dispensable.    Conclusions/Significance  BRM is critical for phase transition in Arabidopsis. Thus, BRM represses expression of the flowering promoting genes  CO ,  FT  and  SOC1  and of the flowering repressor  FLC . Our results indicate that BRM controls expression of  FLC  by creating a repressive chromatin configuration of the locus.

Brahma Is Required for Proper Expression of the Floral Repressor FLC in Arabidopsis