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Background  Alpha B-crystallin (CRYAB) is a protein that functions as “molecular chaperone” in preserving intracellular architecture and cell membrane. Also, CRYAB is highly antiapoptotic. Abnormal CRYAB expression is a prognostic biomarker for oral cancer, while its genomic variations and the association with carcinogenesis have never been studied.    Methodology/Finding  Therefore, we hypothesized that  CRYAB  single nucleotide polymorphisms may be associated with oral cancer risk. In this hospital-based study, the association of  CRYAB  A-1215G (rs2228387), C-802G (rs14133) and intron2 (rs2070894) polymorphisms with oral cancer in a Taiwan population was investigated. In total, 496 oral cancer patients and 992 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were genotyped and analyzed. A significantly different frequency distribution was found in  CRYAB  C-802G genotypes, but not in A-1215G and intron2 genotypes, between the oral cancer and control groups. The  CRYAB  C-802G G allele conferred an increased risk of oral cancer ( P  = 1.49×10 −5 ). Patients carrying CG/GG at  CRYAB  C-802G were of lower 5-year survival and higher recurrence rate than those of CC ( P <0.05).    Conclusion/Significance  Our results provide the first evidence that the G allele of  CRYAB  C-802G is correlated with oral cancer risk and this polymorphism may be a useful marker for oral cancer recurrence and survival prediction for clinical reference.

Association of Alpha B-Crystallin Genotypes with Oral Cancer Susceptibility, Survival, and Recurrence in Taiwan