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Lectins are a class of ubiquitous proteins/glycoproteins that are abundantly found in nature. Lectins have unique carbohydrate binding property and hence have been exploited as drugs against various infectious diseases. We have isolated one such novel lectin from the fruit pulp of  Aegle marmelos . The isolated lectin was partially characterised and its effect against  Shigella dysenteriae  infection was evaluated. The isolated lectin was found to be a dimeric protein with N-acetylgalactosamine, mannose and sialic acid binding specificity. The effect of  Aegle marmelos  fruit lectin on the adherence of  Shigella dysenteriae  to human colonic epithelial cells (HT29 cells) was evaluated by Enzyme Linked Immune Sorbent Assay and invasion was analysed. The protective nature of the  Aegle marmelos  fruit lectin was assessed by analyzing apoptosis through dual staining method.  Aegle marmelos  fruit lectin significantly inhibited hemagglutination activity of  Shigella  and its minimum inhibitory concentration is 0.625 µg/well. Further, at this concentration lectin inhibited  Shigella dysenteriae  adherence and invasion of HT29 cells and protects the HT29 cells from  Shigella dysenteriae  induced apoptosis. To conclude, isolated lectin dimeric protein with N-acetylgalactosamine, Mannose and sialic acid binding specificity and inhibits adherence and invasion of  Shigellae  to HT29 cells thus, protects the host.

Isolation and Partial Characterisation of a Novel Lectin from Aegle marmelos Fruit and Its Effect on Adherence and Invasion of Shigellae to HT29 Cells