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Background  Trihelix transcription factors play important roles in light-regulated responses and other developmental processes. However, their functions in abiotic stress response are largely unclear. In this study, we identified two trihelix transcription factor genes  GmGT-2A  and  GmGT-2B  from soybean and further characterized their roles in abiotic stress tolerance.    Findings  Both genes can be induced by various abiotic stresses, and the encoded proteins were localized in nuclear region. In yeast assay, GmGT-2B but not GmGT-2A exhibits ability of transcriptional activation and dimerization. The N-terminal peptide of 153 residues in GmGT-2B was the minimal activation domain and the middle region between the two trihelices mediated the dimerization of the GmGT-2B. Transactivation activity of the GmGT-2B was also confirmed in plant cells. DNA binding analysis using yeast one-hybrid assay revealed that GmGT-2A could bind to GT-1bx, GT-2bx, mGT-2bx-2 and D1 whereas GmGT-2B could bind to the latter three elements. Overexpression of the  GmGT-2A  and  GmGT-2B  improved plant tolerance to salt, freezing and drought stress in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Moreover,  GmGT-2B -transgenic plants had more green seedlings compared to Col-0 under ABA treatment. Many stress-responsive genes were altered in  GmGT-2A - and  GmGT-2B- transgenic plants.    Conclusion  These results indicate that  GmGT-2A  and  GmGT-2B  confer stress tolerance through regulation of a common set of genes and specific sets of genes. GmGT-2B also affects ABA sensitivity.

Soybean Trihelix Transcription Factors GmGT-2A and GmGT-2B Improve Plant Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses in Transgenic Arabidopsis