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Background  Commensal and symbiotic microbes have a considerable impact on the behavior of many arthropod hosts, including hematophagous species that transmit pathogens causing infectious diseases to human and animals. Little is known about the bacteria associated with mosquitoes other than the vectorized pathogens. This study investigated  Wolbachia  and cultivable bacteria that persist through generations in  Ae. albopictus  organs known to host transmitted arboviruses, such as dengue and chikungunya.    Methodology/Principal Findings  We used culturing, diagnostic and quantitative PCR, as well as  in situ  hybridization, to detect and locate bacteria in whole individual mosquitoes and in dissected tissues.  Wolbachia , cultivable bacteria of the genera  Acinetobacter ,  Comamonas ,  Delftia  and  Pseudomonas  co-occurred and persisted in the bodies of both males and females of  Ae. albopictus  initially collected in La Réunion during the chikungunya outbreak, and maintained as colonies in insectaries. In dissected tissues,  Wolbachia  and the cultivable  Acinetobacter  can be detected in the salivary glands. The other bacteria are commonly found in the gut. Quantitative PCR estimates suggest that  Wolbachia  densities are highest in ovaries, lower than those of  Acinetobacter  in the gut, and approximately equal to those of  Acinetobacter  in the salivary glands. Hybridization using specific fluorescent probes successfully localized  Wolbachia  in all germ cells, including the oocytes, and in the salivary glands, whereas the  Acinetobacter  hybridizing signal was mostly located in the foregut and in the anterior midgut.    Conclusions/Significance  Our results show that  Proteobacteria  are distributed in the somatic and reproductive tissues of mosquito where transmissible pathogens reside and replicate. This location may portend the coexistence of symbionts and pathogens, and thus the possibility that competition or cooperation phenomena may occur in the mosquito vector  Ae. albopictus . Improved understanding of the vectorial system, including the role of bacteria in the vector's biology and competence, could have major implications for understanding viral emergences and for disease control.

Persistent Wolbachia and Cultivable Bacteria Infection in the Reproductive and Somatic Tissues of the Mosquito Vector Aedes albopictus