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Background  Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a lipophilic antioxidant that is synthesized by a mitochondrial complex integrated by at least ten nuclear encoded  COQ  gene products. CoQ increases cell survival under different stress conditions, including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion and treatment with cancer drugs such as camptothecin (CPT). We have previously demonstrated that CPT induces CoQ biosynthesis in mammal cells.    Methodology/Principal Findings  CPT activates NF-κB that binds specifically to two κB binding sites present in the 5′-flanking region of the  COQ7  gene. This binding is functional and induces both the  COQ7  expression and CoQ biosynthesis. The inhibition of NF-κB activation increases cell death and decreases both, CoQ levels and  COQ7  expression induced by CPT. In addition, using a cell line expressing very low of NF-κB, we demonstrate that CPT was incapable of enhancing enhance both CoQ biosynthesis and  COQ7  expression in these cells.    Conclusions/Significance  We demonstrate here, for the first time, that a transcriptional mechanism mediated by NF-κB regulates CoQ biosynthesis. This finding contributes new data for the understanding of the regulation of the CoQ biosynthesis pathway.

Cell Survival from Chemotherapy Depends on NF-κB Transcriptional Up-Regulation of Coenzyme Q Biosynthesis