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Background    Candida albicans  is a low level commensal organism in normal human populations with the continuous potential to expand and cause a spectrum of clinical conditions.    Methodology/Principal Findings  Using  ex vivo  human organ cultures and populations of primary human cells, we have developed several related experimental systems to examine early-stage interactions between  C. albicans  and mucosal surfaces. Experiments have been conducted both with exogenously added  C. albicans  and with overtly normal human mucosal surfaces supporting pre-existing infections with natural isolates of Candida. Under different culture conditions, we have demonstrated the formation of  C. albicans  colonies on human target cells and filament formation, equivalent to tissue invasion.    Conclusions/Significance  These organ culture systems provide a valuable new resource to examine the molecular and cellular basis for Candida colonization of human mucosal surfaces.

C. albicans Colonization of Human Mucosal Surfaces