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In North America, the black-legged tick,  Ixodes scapularis , an obligate haematophagus arthropod, is a vector of several human pathogens including  Borrelia burgdorferi , the Lyme disease agent. In this report, we show that the tick salivary gland transcriptome and proteome is dynamic and changes during the process of engorgement. We demonstrate, using a guinea pig model of  I. scapularis  feeding and  B. burgdorferi  transmission, that immunity directed against salivary proteins expressed in the first 24 h of tick attachment — and not later — is sufficient to evoke all the hallmarks of acquired tick-immunity, to thwart tick feeding and also to impair  Borrelia  transmission. Defining this subset of proteins will promote a mechanistic understanding of novel  I. scapularis  proteins critical for the initiation of tick feeding and for  Borrelia  transmission.

Immunity against Ixodes scapularis Salivary Proteins Expressed within 24 Hours of Attachment Thwarts Tick Feeding and Impairs Borrelia Transmission