English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background   Babesia , a tick-borne genus of intraerythrocytic parasites, is understudied in humans outside of established high-endemic areas. There is a paucity of data on  Babesia  in Africa, despite evidence that it is regionally present. A pilot study suggested that  Babesia  was present in a rural district of Tanzania.    Methodology/Principal findings  A cross-sectional study was conducted July-August 2017: residents in a case hamlet that had clustering of subjects with high signal-to-cut off (S/CO) ratios for antibodies against  B .  microti  in the pilot study, and a control hamlet that had lacked significant signal, were evaluated for  B .  microti . Subjects aged ≥15yrs (n = 299) underwent clinical evaluation and household inspections; 10ml whole blood was drawn for  Babesia  transcription mediated amplification (TMA),  B .  microti  indirect fluorescent antibody testing (IFA) and rapid diagnostic testing (RDT) for  Plasmodium  spp. Subjects aged <15yrs (n = 266) underwent a RDT for  Plasmodium  and assessment by ELISA for  B .  microti  antibodies. A total of 570 subjects participated (mean age 22 [<1 to 90yrs]) of whom 50.7% were female and 145 (25.5%) subjects were  Plasmodium  RDT positive (+). In those <15yrs, the median ELISA S/CO was 1.11 (IQR 0.80–1.48); the median S/CO in the case (n = 120) and control (n = 146) hamlets was 1.19 (IQR 0.81–1.48) and 1.06 (IQR 0.80–1.50) respectively (p = 0.4). Children ≥5yrs old were more likely to have a higher S/CO ratio than those <5yrs old (p<0.001). One hundred (38%) subjects <15yrs were  Plasmodium  RDT+. The median S/CO ratio (children <15yrs) did not differ by RDT status (p = 0.15). In subjects ≥15yrs, no molecular test was positive for  Babesia , but four subjects (1.4%) were IFA reactive (two each at titers of 128 and 256).    Conclusions/Significance  The findings offer further support for  Babesia  in rural Tanzania. However, low prevalence of seroreactivity questions its clinical significance.

The Babesia observational antibody (BAOBAB) study: A cross-sectional evaluation of Babesia in two communities in Kilosa district, Tanzania