English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background  Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), a lethal disease induced by  Trypanosoma brucei gambiense , has a range of clinical outcomes in its human host in West Africa: an acute form progressing rapidly to second stage, spontaneous self-cure and individuals able to regulate parasitaemia at very low levels, have all been reported from endemic foci. In order to test if this clinical diversity is influenced by host genetic determinants, the association between candidate gene polymorphisms and HAT outcome was investigated in populations from HAT active foci in Guinea.    Methodology and results  Samples were collected from 425 individuals; comprising of 232 HAT cases, 79 subjects with long lasting positive and specific serology but negative parasitology and 114 endemic controls. Genotypes of 28 SNPs in eight genes passed quality control and were used for an association analysis.  IL6  rs1818879 allele  A  (p = 0.0001, OR = 0.39, CI 95  = [0.24–0.63], BONF = 0.0034) was associated with a lower risk of progressing from latent infection to active disease.  MIF  rs36086171 allele  G  seemed to be associated with an increased risk (p = 0.0239, OR = 1.65, CI 95  = [1.07–2.53], BONF = 0.6697) but did not remain significant after Bonferroni correction. Similarly  MIF  rs12483859  C  allele seems be associated with latent infections (p = 0.0077, OR = 1.86, CI 95  = [1.18–2.95], BONF = 0.2157). We confirmed earlier observations that  APOL1  G2 allele (DEL) (p = 0.0011, OR = 2.70, CI 95  = [1.49–4.91], BONF = 0.0301) is associated with a higher risk and  APOL1  G1 polymorphism (p = 0.0005, OR = 0.45, CI 95  = [0.29–0.70], BONF = 0.0129) with a lower risk of developing HAT. No associations were found with other candidate genes.    Conclusion  Our data show that host genes are involved in modulating  Trypanosoma brucei gambiense  infection outcome in infected individuals from Guinea with  IL6  rs1818879 being associated with a lower risk of progressing to active HAT. These results enhance our understanding of host-parasite interactions and, ultimately, may lead to the development of new control tools.

Candidate gene polymorphisms study between human African trypanosomiasis clinical phenotypes in Guinea