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Between 2014 and 2016 more than 3,800 imported human cases of chikungunya fever in Florida highlight the high risk for local transmission. To examine the potential for sustained local transmission of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in Florida we tested whether local populations of  Aedes aegypti  and  Aedes albopictus  show differences in susceptibility to infection and transmission to two emergent lineages of CHIKV, Indian Ocean (IOC) and Asian genotypes (AC) in laboratory experiments. All examined populations of  Ae .  aegypti  and  Ae .  albopictus  mosquitoes displayed susceptibility to infection, rapid viral dissemination into the hemocoel, and transmission for both emergent lineages of CHIKV.  Aedes albopictus  had higher disseminated infection and transmission of IOC sooner after ingesting CHIKV infected blood than  Ae .  aegypti .  Aedes aegypti  had higher disseminated infection and transmission later during infection with AC than  Ae .  albopictus . Viral dissemination and transmission of AC declined during the extrinsic incubation period, suggesting that transmission risk declines with length of infection. Interestingly, the reduction in transmission of AC was less in  Ae .  aegypti  than  Ae .  albopictus , suggesting that older  Ae .  aegypti  females are relatively more competent vectors than similar aged  Ae .  albopictus  females.  Aedes aegypti  originating from the Dominican Republic had viral dissemination and transmission rates for IOC and AC strains that were lower than for Florida vectors. We identified small-scale geographic variation in vector competence among  Ae .  aegypti  and  Ae .  albopictus  that may contribute to regional differences in risk of CHIKV transmission in Florida.

Transmission risk of two chikungunya lineages by invasive mosquito vectors from Florida and the Dominican Republic