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Background  The mosquito  Aedes aegypti  (L.) is a major vector of viral diseases like dengue fever, Zika and chikungunya.  Aedes aegypti  exhibits high morphological and behavioral variation, some of which is thought to be of epidemiological significance. Globally distributed domestic  Ae .  aegypti  have often been grouped into (i) the very pale variety  queenslandensis  and (ii) the  type  form. Because the two color forms co-occur across most of their range, there is interest in understanding how freely they interbreed. This knowledge is particularly important for control strategies that rely on mating compatibilities between the release and target mosquitoes, such as  Wolbachia  releases and SIT. To address this question, we analyzed nuclear and mitochondrial genome-wide variation in the co-occurring pale and  type Ae .  aegypti  from northern Queensland (Australia) and Singapore.    Methods/Findings  We typed 74 individuals at a 1170 bp-long mitochondrial sequence and at 16,569 nuclear SNPs using a customized double-digest RAD sequencing. 11/29 genotyped individuals from Singapore and 11/45 from Queensland were identified as  var .  queenslandensis  based on the diagnostic scaling patterns. We found 24 different mitochondrial haplotypes, seven of which were shared between the two forms. Multivariate genetic clustering based on nuclear SNPs corresponded to individuals’ geographic location, not their color. Several family groups consisted of both forms and three  queenslandensis  individuals were  Wolbachia  infected, indicating previous breeding with the  type  form which has been used to introduce  Wolbachia  into  Ae .  aegypti  populations.    Conclusion   Aedes aegypti queenslandensis  are genomically indistinguishable from the  type  form, which points to these forms freely interbreeding at least in Australia and Singapore. Based on our findings, it is unlikely that the presence of very pale  Ae .  aegypti  will affect the success of  Aedes  control programs based on  Wolbachia- infected, sterile or RIDL mosquitoes.

The queenslandensis and the type Form of the Dengue Fever Mosquito (Aedes aegypti L.) Are Genomically Indistinguishable