English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Leishmania  ( L .)  infantum  is the causative agent in an endemic focus of canine leishmaniasis in the Mont-Rolland district (Thiès, Senegal). In this area, the transmission cycle is well established and more than 30% of dogs and 20% of humans are seropositive for  L .  infantum . However, the sand fly species involved in  L .  infantum  transmission cycle are still unknown. Between 2007 and 2010, 3654 sand flies were collected from different environments (indoor, peridomestic, farming and sylvatic areas) to identify the main  L .  infantum  vector(s). Nine sand fly species were identified. The  Phlebotomus  genus (n = 54 specimens;  Phlebotomus  ( Ph )  duboscqi  and  Phlebotomus  ( Ph ).  rodhaini ) was markedly under-represented in comparison to the  Sergentomyia  genus (n = 3600 specimens;  Sergentomyia  ( Se )  adleri ,  Se .  clydei ,  Se .  antennata ,  Se .  buxtoni ,  Se .  dubia ,  Se .  schwetzi  and  Se .  magna ).  Se .  dubia  and  Se .  schwetzi  were the dominant species indoor and in peridomestic environments, near humans and dogs. Blood-meal analysis indicated their anthropophilic behavior. Some  Se .  schwetzi  specimens fed also on dogs. The dissection of females in the field allowed isolating  L .  infantum  from sand flies of the  Sergentomyia  genus (0.4% of  Se .  dubia  and 0.79% of  Se .  schwetzi  females). It is worth noting that one  Se .  dubia  female not engorged and not gravid revealed highly motile metacyclic of  L .  infantum  in the anterior part of the midgut. PCR-based diagnosis and sequencing targeting  Leishmania  kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) highlighted a high rate of  L .  infantum -positive females (5.38% of  Se .  dubia , 4.19% of  Se .  schwetzi  and 3.64% of  Se .  magna ). More than 2% of these positive females were unfed, suggesting the parasite survival after blood-meal digestion or egg laying.  L .  infantum  prevalence in  Se .  schwetzi  was associated with its seroprevalence in dogs and humans and  L .  infantum  prevalence in  Se .  dubia  was associated with its seroprevalence in humans. These evidences altogether strongly suggest that species of the  Sergentomyia  genus are probably the vectors of canine leishmaniasis in the Mont-Rolland area and challenge one more time the dogma that in the Old World, leishmaniasis is exclusively transmitted by species of the  Phlebotomus genus .

plos neglected tropical diseases

Transmission of Leishmania infantum in the Canine Leishmaniasis Focus of Mont-Rolland, Senegal: Ecological, Parasitological and Molecular Evidence for a Possible Role of Sergentomyia Sand Flies