English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Novel strategies are required to control mosquitoes and the pathogens they transmit. One attractive approach involves maternally inherited endosymbiotic  Wolbachia  bacteria. After artificial infection with  Wolbachia , many mosquitoes become refractory to infection and transmission of diverse pathogens. We evaluated the effects of  Wolbachia  ( w AlbB strain) on infection, dissemination and transmission of West Nile virus (WNV) in the naturally uninfected mosquito  Culex tarsalis , which is an important WNV vector in North America. After inoculation into adult female mosquitoes,  Wolbachia  reached high titers and disseminated widely to numerous tissues including the head, thoracic flight muscles, fat body and ovarian follicles. Contrary to other systems,  Wolbachia  did not inhibit WNV in this mosquito. Rather, WNV infection rate was significantly higher in  Wolbachia -infected mosquitoes compared to controls. Quantitative PCR of selected innate immune genes indicated that REL1 (the activator of the antiviral Toll immune pathway) was down regulated in  Wolbachia -infected relative to control mosquitoes. This is the first observation of  Wolbachia -induced enhancement of a human pathogen in mosquitoes, suggesting that caution should be applied before releasing  Wolbachia -infected insects as part of a vector-borne disease control program.

Wolbachia Enhances West Nile Virus (WNV) Infection in the Mosquito Culex tarsalis