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The invasive Asian tiger mosquito  Aedes albopictus  (Diptera: Culicidae) was first reported in central Africa in 2000, in Cameroon, with the indigenous mosquito species  Ae. aegypti  (Diptera: Culicidae). Today, this invasive species is present in almost all countries of the region, including the Central African Republic (CAR), where it was first recorded in 2009. As invasive species of mosquitoes can affect the distribution of native species, resulting in new patterns of vectors and concomitant risk for disease, we undertook a comparative study early and late in the wet season in the capital and the main cities of CAR to document infestation and the ecological preferences of the two species. In addition, we determined the probable geographical origin of invasive populations of  Ae. albopictus  with two mitochondrial DNA genes,  COI  and  ND5 . Analysis revealed that  Ae. aegypti  was more abundant earlier in the wet season and  Ae. albopictus  in the late wet season. Used tyres were the most heavily colonized productive larval habitats for both species in both seasons. The invasive species  Ae. albopictus  predominated over the resident species at all sites in which the two species were sympatric. Mitochondrial DNA analysis revealed broad low genetic diversity, confirming recent introduction of  Ae. albopictus  in CAR. Phylogeographical analysis based on COI polymorphism indicated that the  Ae. albopictus  haplotype in the CAR population segregated into two lineages, suggesting multiple sources of  Ae. albopictus . These data may have important implications for vector control strategies in central Africa.

plos neglected tropical diseases

Temporal Patterns of Abundance of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) and Mitochondrial DNA Analysis of Ae. albopictus in the Central African Republic