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Seed-setting rate is a critical determinant of grain yield in rice ( Oryza sativa  L.). Rapid and healthy pollen tube growth in the style is required for high seed-setting rate. The molecular mechanisms governing this process remain largely unknown. In this study, we isolate a dominant low seed-setting rate rice mutant,  sss1-D . Cellular examination results show that pollen tube growth is blocked in about half of the mutant styles. Molecular cloning and functional assays reveals that  SSS1-D  encodes OsCNGC13, a member of the cyclic nucleotide-gated channel family.  OsCNGC13  is preferentially expressed in the pistils and its expression is dramatically reduced in the heterozygous plant, suggesting a haploinsufficiency nature for the dominant mutant phenotype. We show that OsCNGC13 is permeable to Ca 2+ . Consistent with this, accumulation of cytoplasmic calcium concentration ([Ca 2+ ] cyt ) is defective in the  sss1-D  mutant style after pollination. Further, the  sss1-D  mutant has altered extracellular matrix (ECM) components and delayed cell death in the style transmission tract (STT). Based on these results, we propose that OsCNGC13 acts as a novel maternal sporophytic factor required for stylar [Ca 2+ ] cyt  accumulation, ECM components modification and STT cell death, thus facilitating the penetration of pollen tube in the style for successful double fertilization and seed-setting in rice.

OsCNGC13 promotes seed-setting rate by facilitating pollen tube growth in stylar tissues