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Higher plants adapt their growth to high temperature by a dramatic change in plant architecture. It has been shown that the transcriptional regulator phytochrome-interacting factor 4 (PIF4) and the phytohormone auxin are involved in the regulation of high temperature–induced hypocotyl elongation in  Arabidopsis . Here we report that PIF4 regulates high temperature–induced hypocotyl elongation through direct activation of the auxin biosynthetic gene  YUCCA8  ( YUC8 ). We show that high temperature co-upregulates the transcript abundance of  PIF4  and  YUC8 . PIF4–dependency of high temperature–mediated induction of  YUC8  expression as well as auxin biosynthesis, together with the finding that overexpression of  PIF4  leads to increased expression of  YUC8  and elevated free IAA levels  in planta , suggests a possibility that PIF4 directly activates  YUC8  expression. Indeed, gel shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrate that PIF4 associates with the G-box–containing promoter region of  YUC8 . Transient expression assay in  Nicotiana benthamiana  leaves support that PIF4 directly activates  YUC8  expression  in vivo . Significantly, we show that the  yuc8  mutation can largely suppress the long-hypocotyl phenotype of  PIF4 –overexpression plants and also can reduce high temperature–induced hypocotyl elongation. Genetic analyses reveal that the  shy2-2  mutation, which harbors a stabilized mutant form of the IAA3 protein and therefore is defective in high temperature–induced hypocotyl elongation, largely suppresses the long-hypocotyl phenotype of  PIF4 –overexpression plants. Taken together, our results illuminate a molecular framework by which the PIF4 transcriptional regulator integrates its action into the auxin pathway through activating the expression of specific auxin biosynthetic gene. These studies advance our understanding on the molecular mechanism underlying high temperature–induced adaptation in plant architecture.

PIF4–Mediated Activation of YUCCA8 Expression Integrates Temperature into the Auxin Pathway in Regulating Arabidopsis Hypocotyl Growth