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Meconium ileus (MI), a life-threatening intestinal obstruction due to meconium with abnormal protein content, occurs in approximately 15 percent of neonates with cystic fibrosis (CF). Analysis of twins with CF demonstrates that MI is a highly heritable trait, indicating that genetic modifiers are largely responsible for this complication. Here, we performed regional family-based association analysis of a locus that had previously been linked to MI and found that SNP haplotypes 5′ to and within the  MSRA  gene were associated with MI ( P  = 1.99×10 −5  to 1.08×10 −6 ; Bonferroni  P  = 0.057 to 3.1×10 −3 ). The haplotype with the lowest  P  value showed association with MI in an independent sample of 1,335 unrelated CF patients (OR = 0.72, 95% CI [0.53–0.98],  P  = 0.04). Intestinal obstruction at the time of weaning was decreased in CF mice with  Msra  null alleles compared to those with wild-type  Msra  resulting in significant improvement in survival ( P  = 1.2×10 −4 ). Similar levels of goblet cell hyperplasia were observed in the ilea of the  Cftr   −/−  and  Cftr   −/−   Msra   −/−  mice. Modulation of MSRA, an antioxidant shown to preserve the activity of enzymes, may influence proteolysis in the developing intestine of the CF fetus, thereby altering the incidence of obstruction in the newborn period. Identification of  MSRA  as a modifier of MI provides new insight into the biologic mechanism of neonatal intestinal obstruction caused by loss of CFTR function.

Variation in MSRA Modifies Risk of Neonatal Intestinal Obstruction in Cystic Fibrosis