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The insect steroid hormone ecdysone triggers programmed cell death of obsolete larval tissues during metamorphosis and provides a model system for understanding steroid hormone control of cell death and cell survival. Previous genome-wide expression studies of  Drosophila  larval salivary glands resulted in the identification of many genes associated with ecdysone-induced cell death and cell survival, but functional verification was lacking. In this study, we test functionally 460 of these genes using RNA interference in ecdysone-treated  Drosophila l(2)mbn  cells. Cell viability, cell morphology, cell proliferation, and apoptosis assays confirmed the effects of known genes and additionally resulted in the identification of six new pro-death related genes, including sorting nexin-like gene  SH3PX1  and Sox box protein  Sox14 , and 18 new pro-survival genes. Identified genes were further characterized to determine their ecdysone dependency and potential function in cell death regulation. We found that the pro-survival function of five genes ( Ras85D ,  Cp1 ,  CG13784 ,  CG32016 , and  CG33087 ), was dependent on ecdysone signaling. The TUNEL assay revealed an additional two genes ( Kap-α3  and  Smr ) with an ecdysone-dependent cell survival function that was associated with reduced cell death.  In vitro , Sox14 RNAi reduced the percentage of TUNEL-positive  l(2)mbn  cells ( p <0.05) following ecdysone treatment, and Sox14 overexpression was sufficient to induce apoptosis.  In vivo  analyses of  Sox14-RNAi  animals revealed multiple phenotypes characteristic of aberrant or reduced ecdysone signaling, including defects in larval midgut and salivary gland destruction. These studies identify Sox14 as a positive regulator of ecdysone-mediated cell death and provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the ecdysone signaling network governing cell death and cell survival.

Steroid Hormone Control of Cell Death and Cell Survival: Molecular Insights Using RNAi