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Consecutive repetition of actions is common in behavioral sequences. Althoughintegration of sensory feedback with internal motor programs is important forsequence generation, if and how feedback contributes to repetitive actions ispoorly understood. Here we study how auditory feedback contributes togenerating repetitive syllable sequences in songbirds. We propose that auditorysignals provide positive feedback to ongoing motor commands, but this influencedecays as feedback weakens from response adaptation during syllablerepetitions. Computational models show that this mechanism explains repeatdistributions observed in Bengalese finch song. We experimentally confirmed twopredictions of this mechanism in Bengalese finches: removal of auditoryfeedback by deafening reduces syllable repetitions; and neural responses toauditory playback of repeated syllable sequences gradually adapt insensory-motor nucleus HVC. Together, our results implicate a positiveauditory-feedback loop with adaptation in generating repetitive vocalizations,and suggest sensory adaptation is important for feedback control of motorsequences.

An adapting auditory-motor feedback loop can contribute to generating vocal repetition