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Author summary: Synchronization of neuronal spiking in the brain is relatedto cognitive functions, such as perception, attention, and memory. It istherefore important to determine which properties of neurons influence theircollective behavior in a network and to understand how. A prominent feature ofmany cortical neurons is spike frequency adaptation, which is caused by slowtransmembrane currents. We investigated how these adaptation currents affectthe synchronization tendency of coupled model neurons. Using the efficientadaptive exponential integrate-and-fire (aEIF) model and a biophysicallydetailed neuron model for validation, we found that increased adaptationcurrents promote synchronization of coupled excitatory neurons at lower spikefrequencies, as long as the conduction delays between the neurons arenegligible. Inhibitory neurons on the other hand synchronize in presence ofconduction delays, with or without adaptation currents. Our results emphasizethe utility of the aEIF model for computational studies of neuronal networkdynamics. We conclude that adaptation currents provide a mechanism to generatelow frequency oscillations in local populations of excitatory neurons, whilefaster rhythms seem to be caused by inhibition rather than excitation.

Impact of adaptation currents on synchronization of coupled exponential integrate-and-fire neurons