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High efficiency, sub-MHz bandwidth photon pair generators will enable thefield of quantum technology to transition from laboratory demonstrations totransformational applications involving information transfer from photons toatoms. While spontaneous parametric processes are able to achieve highefficiency photon pair generation, the spectral bandwidth tends to berelatively large, as defined by phase-matching constraints. To solve thisfundamental limitation, we use an ultra-high quality factor (Q) fused silicamicrosphere resonant cavity to form a photon pair generator. We present thefull theory for the SWM process in these devices, fully taking into account allrelevant source characteristics in our experiments. The exceptionally narrow(down to kHz-scale) linewidths of these devices in combination with the devicesize results in a reduction in the bandwidth of the photon pair generation,allowing sub-MHz spectral bandwidth to be achieved. Specifically, using a pumpsource centered around 1550nm, photon pairs with the signal and idler modes atwavelengths close to 1540nm and 1560nm, respectively, are demonstrated. Weherald a single idler-mode photon by detecting the corresponding signal photon,filtered via transmission through a wavelength division multiplexing channel ofchoice. We demonstrate the extraction of the spectral profile of a single peakin the single-photon frequency comb from a measurement of the signal-idler timeof emission distribution. These improvements in device design and experimentalmethods enabled the narrowest spectral width (366kHz) to date in a heraldedsingle photon source basedon SFWM.

Submegahertz spectral width photon pair source based on fused silica microspheres