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The performances of optical fibre-based quantum information systems arelimited by the intrinsic properties of silica glass materials, e.g. highlatency, Rayleigh-scattering loss wavelength scaling law, and cross-couplinginduced modal impurity. Hollow-core optical fibre (HCF) promises to unifyair-borne light propagation and non-line-of-sight transmission, thus holdinggreat potentials for versatile photonics-based quantum infor-mationapplications. The early version of HCF based on photonic-bandgap guidance hasnot proven itself as a reliable quantum channel because of the poor modalpurity in both spatial and polarization domains, as well as significantdifficulty in fabrication when the wavelength shifts to the visible region. Inthis work, based on the polarization degree of freedom, we first, to the bestof our knowledge, demonstrate high-fidelity (~0.98) single-photon transmissionand distribution of entangled photons over a conjoined-tube hollow-core fibre(CTF) by using commercial silicon single-photon avalanche photodiodes. Our CTFrealized the combined merits of low loss, high spatial mode purity, lowpolarization degradation, and low chromatic dispersion. We also demonstratesingle-photon low latency (~99.96% speed of light in vacuum) transmission, thuspaving the way for extensive uses of HCF links in versatile polarization-basedquantum information processing.

High-fidelity, low-latency polarization quantum state transmissions over a hollow-core conjoined-tube fibre at around 800 nm