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Our theoretical study reveals the opportunity to develop an electric field sensor basedon the exploitation of Symmetry Protected Mode (SPM) that we excite within an electro-opticalmaterial, namely lithium niobate (LN). The SPM consists of a dark Fano-like resonance thatresults from the combination of a discrete Bloch mode of a Photonic Crystal (PhC) with acontinuum mode of a membrane, both of them made in LN. The dark character is linked tothe structure geometry having a high degree of symmetry. The SPM excitation is then madepossible thanks to an illumination under small oblique incidence which breaks the symmetry ofthe configuration. This results in several ultra-sensitive and tunable Fano-like resonances withhigh quality factors up to 10^5 in the telecoms spectral range. Some of these resonances providemodes with a highly confined electric field inside LN. This confinement allows the enhancementof the electro-optic Pockels effect by a factor up to 4x10^5, thus exacerbating the detectionsensitivity of the designed sensor.

Excitation of symmetry protected modes in a lithium niobate membrane photonic crystal for sensing applications