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Ultrashort electron beams with narrow energy spread, high charge, and lowjitter are essential for resolving phase transitions in metals, semiconductors,and molecular crystals. These semirelativistic beams, produced byphototriggered electron guns, are also injected into accelerators for x-raylight sources. The achievable resolution of these time-resolved electrondiffraction or x-ray experiments has been hindered by surface field and timingjitter limitations in conventional RF guns, which thus far are <200 MV/m and>96 fs, respectively. A gun driven by optically-generated single-cycle THzpulses provides a practical solution to enable not only GV/m surface fields butalso absolute timing stability, since the pulses are generated by the samelaser as the phototrigger. Here, we demonstrate an all-optical THz gun yieldingpeak electron energies approaching 1 keV, accelerated by 300 MV/m THz fields ina novel micron-scale waveguide structure. We also achieve quasimonoenergetic,sub-keV bunches with 32 fC of charge, which can already be used fortime-resolved low-energy electron diffraction. Such ultracompact, easy toimplement guns driven by intrinsically synchronized THz pulses that are pumpedby an amplified arm of the already present photoinjector laser provide a newtool with potential to transform accelerator based science.

Terahertz-driven, all-optical electron gun