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For light fields, the manifestation of correlations between fluctuatingelectric field components at different space-time points is referred to ascoherence, whereas these correlations appearing between orthogonal electricfield components at single space-time point are referred to as polarization. Inthis context, a natural question is: how coherence and polarization areinterconnected? Very recently, a tight equality P^2=V^2+D^2 namely the"polarization coherence theorem" (PCT) connecting polarization P withinterference visibility V (measure of coherence) and distinguishability D(measure of which-path information) has been proposed [Optica 4, 1113 (2017)].We here report a direct observation of PCT for classical light fields using aMach-Zehnder interferometer along with a synthesized source producing acomplete gamut of degrees of polarizations. Our experimental demonstrationcould motivate ongoing experimental efforts towards probing the hiddencoherences and complementarity features.

Experimental observation of polarization coherence theorem