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Properties of filaments ignited by multi-millijoule, 90-fs mid-IR pulsescentered at 3.9 {\mu}m are examined experimentally by monitoring plasma densityand losses as well as spectral dynamics and beam profile evolution at differentfocusing strengths. By softening the focusing from strong (f=0.25 m) to loose(f=7 m) we observe a shift from plasma assisted filamentation to filaments withlow plasma density. In the latter case, filamentation manifests itself by beamself-symmetrization and spatial self-channeling. Spectral dynamics in the caseof loose focusing is dominated by the non-linear Raman frequency downshift,which leads to the overlap with the CO2 resonance in the vicinity of 4.2{\mu}m. The dynamic CO2 absorption in the case of 3.9-{\mu}m filaments withtheir low plasma content is the main mechanism of energy losses and eitheralone or together with other nonlinear processes contributes to the arrest ofintensity.

Filamentation of Mid-IR pulses in ambient air in the vicinity of molecular resonances