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Mechanical loss of dielectric mirror coatings sets fundamental limits forboth gravitational wave detectors and cavity-stabilized optical localoscillators for atomic clocks. Two approaches are used to determine themechanical loss: ringdown measurements of the coating quality factor and directmeasurement of the coating thermal noise. Here we report a systematic study ofthe mirror thermal noise from room temperature to 4 K by operating referencecavities at these temperatures. The directly measured thermal noise is used toextract the corresponding mechanical loss for SiO$_2$/Ta$_2$O$_5$ coatings,which are compared with previously reported values.

Thermal noise and mechanical loss of SiO$_2$/Ta$_2$O$_5$ optical coatings at cryogenic temperatures