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We propose a novel fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) that incorporates a length of microfiber as its cavity and two fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) as reflectors. The microfiber FPI is simply fabricated by flame-heated taper-drawing the central spot of an FBG into a section of microfiber. Ambient refractive index (RI) influences the effective index of microfiber, and thus the free spectrum range of the microfiber FPI, resulting in RI sensing. A dual-wavelength fiber laser based on the microfiber FPI is constructed, enabling radio frequency interrogation with high resolution. RI sensitivity of 911 MHz/RIU is experimentally demonstrated for microfiber FPI with equivalent diameter of 1.455 μm. Simulation results indicate that the sensitivity can be further enhanced by reducing the diameter of the microfiber.

optics letters/optics index

Microfiber Fabry–Perot interferometer fabricated by taper-drawing technique and its application as a radio frequency interrogated refractive index sensor