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Differential wavefront sensing is an essential technique for optimising theperformance of many precision interferometric experiments. Perhaps the mostextensive application of this is for alignment sensing using radio-frequencybeats measured with quadrant photodiodes. Here we present a new technique thatuses optical demodulation to measure such optical beats at significantly higherresolutions using commercial laboratory equipment. We experimentallydemonstrate that the images captured can be digitally processed to generatewavefront error signals and use these in a closed loop control system forcorrect wavefront errors for alignment and mode-matching a beam into an opticalcavity to 99.9\%. This experiment paves the way for the correction of evenhigher order errors when paired with higher order wavefront actuators. Such asensing scheme could find use in optimizing complex interferometers consistingof coupled cavities, such as those found in gravitational wave detectors, orsimply just for sensing higher order wavefront errors in heterodyneinterferometric table-top experiments.

Differential wavefront sensing and control using radio-frequency optical demodulation