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A lithium niobate on insulator ridge waveguide allows constructinghigh-density photonic integrated circuits thanks to its small bending radiusoffered by the high index contrast. Meanwhile, the significant mode-fieldmismatch between an optical fiber and the single-mode lithium niobate waveguideleads to low coupling efficiencies. Here, we demonstrate, both numerically andexperimentally, that the problem can be solved with a tapered single mode fiberof an optimized mode field profile. Numerical simulation shows that the minimumcoupling losses for the TE and TM mode are 0.32 dB and 0.86 dB, respectively.Experimentally, though without anti-reflection coating, the measured couplinglosses for TE and TM mode are 1.32 dB and 1.88 dB, respectively. Our techniquepaves a way for a broad range of on-chip lithium niobate applications.

Efficient light coupling between an ultra-low loss lithium niobate waveguide and an adiabatically tapered single mode optical fiber