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Dynamics of femtosecond pulses with the telecom carrier wavelength isinvestigated numerically in a subwavelength layer of an indium tin oxide (ITO)epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) material with high dispersion and high nonlinearity.Due to the subwavelength thickness of the ITO ENZ material, and the fact thatthe pulse's propagation time is shorter than its temporal width, multiplereflections give rise to self-interaction in both spectral and temporaldomains, especially at wavelengths longer than the ENZ point, at which thereflections are significantly stronger. A larger absolute value of the pulse'schirp strongly affects the self-interaction by redistributing energy betweenwavelengths, while the sign of the chirp affects the interaction in thetemporal domain. It is also found that, when two identical pulses are launchedsimultaneously from both ends, a subwavelength counterpart of a standing-wavestate can be established. It shows robust energy localization in the middle ofthe sample, in terms of both the spectral and temporal intensity distributions.

Self-interaction of ultrashort pulses in an epsilon-near-zero nonlinear material at the telecom wavelength