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Biosensing based on whispering-gallery mode (WGM) resonators has beencontinuously studied with great attention due to its excellent sensitivityguaranteeing the label-free detection. However, its practical impact isinsignificant to date despite notable achievements in academic research. Here,we demonstrate a novel practical platform of on-chip WGM sensors integratedwith microfluidic channels. By placing silicon nanoclusters as a stable activecompound in micro-resonators, the sensor chip can be operated with a remotepump and readout, which simplifies the chip integration and connection to theexternal setup. In addition, silicon nanoclusters having large absorptioncross-section over broad wavelength range allow active sensing for the firsttime with an LED pump in a top-illumination scheme which significantly reducesthe complexity and cost of the measurement setup. The nano-slot structure of 25nm gap width is embedded in the resonator where the target bio-molecules areselectively detected with the sensitivity enhanced by strongly confinedmode-field. The sensitivity confirmed by real-time measurements for thestreptavidin-biotin complex is 0.012 nm/nM, improved over 20 times larger thanthe previously reported WGM sensors with remote readout.

On-chip label-free biosensing based on active whispering gallery mode resonators pumped by a light-emitting diode