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Quantum entanglement is a resource in quantum metrology that can bedistributed to two orthogonal physical quantities for the enhancement of theirjoint measurement sensitivity, as demonstrated in quantum dense metrology. Onthe other hand, we can also devote all the quantum resource to phasemeasurement only for optimum measurement sensitivity. Here, we experimentallyimplement a dual-beam scheme in an SU(1,1) interferometer for the optimum phasemeasurement sensitivity. We demonstrate a 3.9-dB improvement in signal-to-noiseratio over the optimum classical method and this is 3-dB better than thetraditional single-beam scheme. Furthermore, such a scheme also realizes aquantum optical tap of quantum entangled fields and has the full advantages ofan SU(1,1) interferometer for practical applications in quantum metrology andquantum information.

Optimum quantum resource distribution for phase measurement and quantum information tapping in a dual-beam SU(1,1) interferometer