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We explore the applications of spin noise spectroscopy (SNS) for detection ofthe spin properties of atomic ensembles in and out of equilibrium. In SNS, alinearly polarized far-detuned probe beam on passing through an ensemble ofatomic spins acquires the information of the spin correlations of the systemwhich is extracted using its time-resolved Faraday-rotation noise. We measurevarious atomic, magnetic and sub-atomic properties as well as perform precisionmagnetometry using SNS in rubidium atomic vapor in thermal equilibrium.Thereafter, we manipulate the relative spin populations between differentground state hyperfine levels of rubidium by controlled optical pumping whichdrives the system out of equilibrium. We then apply SNS to probe such spinimbalance nonperturbatively. We further use this driven atomic vapor todemonstrate that SNS can have better resolution than typical absorptionspectroscopy in detecting spectral lines in the presence of various spectralbroadening mechanisms.

Measurements of spin properties of atomic systems in and out of equilibrium via noise spectroscopy