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Bell state measurement (BSM) plays crucial roles in photonic quantuminformation processing. The standard linear optical BSM is based onHong-Ou-Mandel interference where two photons meet and interfere at abeamsplitter (BS). However, a generalized two-photon interference is not basedon photon-photon interaction, but interference between two-photon probabilityamplitudes. Therefore, it might be possible to implement BSM withoutinterfering photons at a BS. Here, we investigate a linear optical BSM schemewhich does not require two photon overlapping at a BS. By unleashing the twophoton coexistence condition, it can be symmetrically divided into two parties.The symmetrically dividable property suggests informationally symmetrical BSMbetween remote parties without a third party. We also present that our BSMscheme can be used for Bell state preparation between remote parties without athird party. Since our BSM scheme can be easily extended to multiple photons,it can be useful for various quantum communication applications.

Informationally symmetrical Bell state preparation and measurement