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Fast saturable absorbers (FSAs) play a critical role in stabilizing manypassively modelocked lasers. The most commonly used averaged model to studythese lasers is the Haus modelocking equation (HME) that includes a third-ordernonlinear FSA. However, it predicts a narrow region of stability that isinconsistent with experiments. To better replicate the laser physics, averagedlaser models that include FSAs with higher-than-third-order nonlinearities havebeen introduced. Here, we compare three common FSA models to each other and tothe HME using the recently-developed boundary tracking algorithms. The threeFSA models are the cubic-quintic model, the sinusoidal model, and the algebraicmodel. We find that all three models predict the existence of a stablehigh-energy solution that is not present in the HME and have a much largerstable operating region. We also find that all three models predictqualitatively similar stability diagrams. We conclude that averaged lasermodels that include FSAs with higher-than-third-order nonlinearity should beused when studying the stability of passively modelocked lasers.

Comparison of Models of Fast Saturable Absorption in Passively Modelocked Lasers