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We present a novel differential refractive index sensor based on arrays ofphotonic molecules (PM) of dielectric cylinders and two structural defectcavities. The transmission spectrum of the photonic proposed structure assensor shows a wide photonic stop band with two localized states. One of them,the reference state, is bound to a decagonal ring of cylinders and the other,the sensing state, to the defect cavities of the lattice. It is shown thatdefect mode is very sensitive to the presence of materials with dielectricpermittivity different from that of the surrounding cylinders while the statein the PM is not affected by their presence. This behavior allows to design adevice for sensing applications. A prototype of the sensor, in the microwaveregion, was built using a matrix of 3x2 PM arrays made of soda-lime glasscylinders (dielectric permittivity of 4.5). The transmission spectra wasmeasured in the microwave range (8-12 GHz) with samples of different refractiveindex inserted in the defect cavities. Simulations with Finite Integrationtime-domain Method are in good agreement with experiments. We find that theresponse of the sensor is linear. Device measurement range is determined by thedielectric constant of the cylinders that make up the device. The results herepresented in the microwave region can be extrapolated to the visible range dueto scale invariance of Maxwell equations. This make our prototype a promisingstructure as sensor also in the optical range.

Differential Refractive index sensor based on Photonic molecules and defect cavities