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We study theoretically the characteristics of surface waves excited at theinterface between a metal and a general bi-isotropic medium, which includesisotropic chiral media and Tellegen media as special cases. We derive ananalytical dispersion relation for surface waves, using which we calculate theeffective index and the propagation length numerically. We also calculate theabsorptance, the cross-polarized reflectance and the spatial distribution ofthe electromagnetic fields for plane waves incident on a bilayer systemconsisting of a metal layer and a bi-isotropic layer in the Kretschmannconfiguration, using the invariant imbedding method. The results obtained usingthe invariant imbedding method agree with those obtained from the dispersionrelation perfectly. In the case of chiral media, the effective index is anincreasing function of the chirality index, whereas in Tellegen media, it is adecreasing function of the Tellegen parameter. The propagation length forsurface waves in both cases increase substantially as either the chiralityindex or the Tellegen parameter increases. In Tellegen media, it diverges toinfinity when the effective index goes to zero, whereas in chiral media, itdoes when the parameters approach the cutoff values where quasi surface wavesare excited. We investigate the characteristics of quasi surface waves excitedwhen the chirality index is sufficiently large.

Excitation of surface waves on the interfaces of general bi-isotropic media