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We perform a theoretical study of nonlinear optical isolator devices based oncoupled microcavities with gain and loss. Using coupled-mode theory, we derivea correspondence between the boundary of asymptotic stability in the nonlinearregime, where gain saturation is present, and the PT-breaking transition in theunderlying linear system. For zero detuning and weak input intensity, the onsetof optical isolation can be rigorously derived, and corresponds precisely tothe PT transition point. When the couplings to the external ports are unequal,the isolation ratio exhibits an abrupt jump at the transition point, determinedby the ratio of the couplings. This could be exploited to realize an activelycontrolled nonlinear optical isolator, in which strong optical isolation can beswitched on or off using tiny variations in the inter-resonator separation.

PT Symmetry Breaking and Nonlinear Optical Isolation in Coupled Microcavities