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Rayleigh scattering generates intensity noise close to an optical carrierthat propagates in a single-mode optical fiber. This noise degrades theperformance of optoelectronic oscillators and RF-photonic links. When using abroad linewidth laser, we previously found that the intensity noise powerscales linearly with optical power and fiber length, which is consistent withguided entropy mode Rayleigh scattering (GEMRS), a third order nonlinearscattering process, in the spontaneous limit. In this work, we show that thisbehavior changes significantly with the use of a narrow linewidth laser. Usinga narrow linewidth laser, we measured the bandwidth of the intensity noiseplateau to be 10 kHz. We found that the scattered noise power scalessuperlinearly with fiber length up to lengths of 10 km in the frequency rangeof 500 Hz to 10 kHz, while it scales linearly in the frequency range of 10 Hzto 100 Hz. These results suggest that the Rayleigh-scattering-induced intensitynoise cannot be explained by third-order nonlinear scattering in thespontaneous limit, as previously hypothesized.

Superlinear growth of Rayleigh scattering-induced intensity noise in single-mode fibers