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Ultrashort, intense light pulses permit the study of nanomaterials in theoptical non-linear regime, potentially leading to optoelectronics that operatein the petahertz domain. These non-linear regimes are often present just belowthe damage threshold thus requiring the careful tuning of laser parameters toavoid the melting and disintegration of the materials. Detailed studies of thedamage threshold of nanoscale materials are therefore needed. We presentresults on the damage threshold of Au nanowires when illuminated by intensefemtosecond pulses. These nanowires were synthesized with the directedelectrochemical nanowire assembly (DENA) process in two configurations: (1)free-standing Au nanowires on W electrodes and (2) Au nanowires attached tofused silica slides. In both cases the wires have a single-crystallinestructure. For laser pulses with durations of 108 fs and 32 fs at 790 nm at arepetition rate of 2 kHz, we find that the free-standing nanowires melt atintensities close to 3 TW/cm$^2$ and 7.5 TW/cm$^2$, respectively. The Aunanowires attached to silica slides melt at slightly higher intensities, justabove 10 TW/cm$^2$ for 32 fs pulses. Our results can be explained with anelectron-phonon interaction model that describes the absorbed laser energy andsubsequent heat conduction across the wire.

Optical damage threshold of Au nanowires in strong femtosecond laser fields