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We report a free-space entanglement-based quantum key distributionexperiment, implementing the biased basis protocol between two sites which are15.3 km apart. Photon pairs from a polarization-entangled source aredistributed through two 7.8-km free-space optical links. An optimal bias 20:80between the X and Z basis is used. A post-processing scheme with finite-keyanalysis is applied to extract the final secure key. After three-hourcontinuous operation at night, a 4293-bit secure key is obtained, with a finalkey rate of 0.124 bit per raw key bit which increases the final key rate by14.8% comparing to the standard BB84 case. Our results experimentallydemonstrate that the efficient BB84 protocol, which increases key generationefficiency by biasing Alice and Bob's basis choices, is potentially useful forthe ground-satellite quantum communication.

Entanglement-based quantum key distribution with biased basis choice via free space