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True random number generators (RNGs) are desirable for applications rangingfrom cryptogra- phy to computer simulations. Quantum phenomena prove to beattractive for physical RNGs due to their fundamental randomness and immunityto attack [1]- [5]. Optical parametric down conversion is an essential elementin most quantum optical experiments including optical squeezing [9], andgeneration of entangled photons [10]. In an optical parametric oscillator(OPO), photons generated through spontaneous down conversion of the pumpinitiate the oscillation in the absence of other inputs [11, 12]. This quantumprocess is the dominant effect during the oscillation build-up, leading toselection of one of the two possible phase states above threshold in adegenerate OPO [13]. Building on this, we demonstrate a novel all-opticalquantum RNG in which the photodetection is not a part of the random process,and no post processing is required for the generated bit sequence. We implementa synchronously pumped twin degenerate OPO, which comprises two identicalindependent OPOs in a single cavity, and measure the relative phase states ofthe OPO outputs above threshold as a bit value. We show that the outcome isstatistically random with 99% confidence. With the use of micro- and nanoscaleOPO resonators, this technique offers a promise for simple, robust, andhigh-speed on-chip all-optical quantum random number generators.

All-Optical Quantum Random Bit Generation from Intrinsically Binary Phase of Parametric Oscillators