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An Eu-doped Sr5(PO4)3F phosphor with a hexagonal apatite structure was prepared by a urea assisted combustion method. There was evidence of the reduction of Eu3+ to Eu2+ based upon the photoluminescence data. This was confirmed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Normally, it is very difficult to distinguish between two oxidation states with time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), but it is shown that the parallel detection capability of the technique allows full molecular and isotopic characterization of the matrix chemistry. The two states were detected by the EuF+ and EuF2+ species, ostensibly the Eu(II) and Eu(III) oxidation states, respectively.

Identification of Eu oxidation states in a doped Sr5(PO4)3F phosphor by TOF-SIMS imaging

Identification of Eu oxidation states in a doped Sr₅(PO₄)₃F phosphor by TOF-SIMS imaging