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A polarization independent variable optical attenuator (VOA) based on a dielectrically stretched liquid crystal (LC) droplet is demonstrated. In the voltage-off state, the proposed VOA has the smallest attenuation. As voltage increases, the LC droplet is stretched by a dielectrophoretic force, which gradually deflects the beam leading to an increased attenuation. Such a VOA can cover the entire C-Band. At λ = 1550 nm, the following results are obtained: dynamic range ~32 dB, insertion loss ~0.7 dB, polarization dependent loss ~0.3 dB, and response time ~20 ms.

Polarization independent VOA based on dielectrically stretched liquid crystal droplet