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We control using bright light an actively-quenched avalanche single-photondetector. Actively-quenched detectors are commonly used for quantum keydistribution (QKD) in the visible and near-infrared range. This study showsthat these detectors are controllable by the same attack used to hackpassively-quenched and gated detectors. This demonstrates the generality of ourattack and its possible applicability to eavsdropping the full secret key ofall QKD systems using avalanche photodiodes (APDs). Moreover, the commercialdetector model we tested (PerkinElmer SPCM-AQR) exhibits two new blindingmechanisms in addition to the previously observed thermal blinding of the APD,namely: malfunctioning of the bias voltage control circuit, and overload of theDC/DC converter biasing the APD. These two new technical loopholes found justin one detector model suggest that this problem must be solved in general, byincorporating generally imperfect detectors into the security proof for QKD.

Controlling an actively-quenched single photon detector with bright light