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We demonstrate second harmonic generation in photonic crystal nanocavitiesfabricated in the semiconductor gallium phosphide. We observe second harmonicradiation at 750 nm with input powers of only nanowatts coupled to the cavityand conversion efficiency $P_{\rm out}/P_{\rm in, coupled}^2 = 430%/{\rm W}$.The large electronic band gap of GaP minimizes absorption loss, allowingefficient conversion. Our results are promising for integrated, low-power lightsources and on-chip reduction of input power in other nonlinear processes.

Second harmonic generation in gallium phosphide photonic crystal nanocavities with ultralow continuous wave pump power