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In this paper, after briefly reviewing the theory of vectorial vortices, wedescribe our technological approach to generating the necessary phase helix,and report results obtained with the first optical vectorial vortex coronagraph(OVVC) in the laboratory. To implement the geometrical phase ramp, we make useof Liquid Crystal Polymers (LCP), which we believe to be the most efficienttechnological path to quickly synthesize optical vectorial vortices ofvirtually any topological charge. With the first prototype device oftopological charge 2, a maximum peak-to-peak attenuation of 1.4e-2 and aresidual light level of 3e-5 at an angular separation of 3.5 l/d (at whichpoint our current noise floor is reached) have been obtained at a wavelength of1.55 microns. These results demonstrate the validity of using space-variantbirefringence distributions to generate a new family of coronagraphs usable innatural unpolarized light, opening a path to high performance coronagraphs thatare achromatic and have low-sensitivity to low-order wavefront aberrations.

Optical Vectorial Vortex Coronagraphs using Liquid Crystal Polymers: theory, manufacturing and laboratory demonstration