English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

A Polarization-Conversion Guided Mode (PCGM) technique has been developed to quantify optical anisotropy as low as 10-5 for a surface layer only 10 nm thick. The optical geometry consists of an index-fluid matched prism-coupler and an air-gap waveguide comprising the thin sample on a glass plate as the incident surface with a gold reflector forming the other surface of the guide. This allows non-destructive characterization of the optical anisotropy of surface layers. The polarization conversion signal is extraordinarily sensitive. Thus the influence of the polarization purity of the incoming beam, very small twists and/or tilts between the normal to the prism bottom surface and the sample plane, have all been analyzed in detail to allow extraction of the sought for information about the thin layer. Rubbed polyimide thin films and incline-evaporated SiOx layers, both used for liquid crystal alignment, have been examined by this PCGM technique to demonstrate its power.

Polarization-Conversion Guided Mode (PCGM) technique for exploring thin anisotropic surface layers